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Classification of Bridge Arch Openings

Fiber and communications infrastructure knowledge brief Published 26 Jul 2022

Prepared for preliminary research by the ALFA PRO knowledge desk. Confirm optical interfaces, port or core capacity, electrical input and output, enclosure protection, thermal design and installation limits against current standards and product documentation.

Bridge arch openings are classified primarily as deck arch, through arch, and tied (or mounted) arch, based on the position of the deck relative to the arch and the structural support system. 1.

Deck Arch Bridges

In a deck arch bridge, the bridge deck is positioned on top of the arch, directly supported by it. This configuration allows the arch to carry compressive forces efficiently while the deck handles traffic loads. Deck arch bridges are often considered ideal for long spans and are commonly constructed using reinforced concrete or steel.

Notable examples include the New River Gorge Bridge in West Virginia, USA, and the Wanxian Bridge in China. 2.

Through Arch Bridges

A through arch bridge has the deck located at or near the spring line of the arch, meaning the arch rises above the deck. The deck is typically suspended from the arch using vertical hangers or ties, which transfer loads into the arch. This type is also called a half-through arch bridge and is suitable for medium to long spans.

Examples include the Sydney Harbour Bridge in Australia and the Hell Gate Bridge in New York, USA. 3.

Tied or Mounted Arch Bridges

Tied arch bridges (also referred to as mounted arches) are designed so that the arch is connected to a tension tie that carries the horizontal thrust, reducing stress on the abutments. This type is often used in shorter spans or where abutment movement is expected. The design may include hinges at the base or center to accommodate thermal expansion and contraction, allowing the structure to resist internal stresses effectively.

Additional ConsiderationsMulti-span arches: For very long crossings, multiple arches with smaller spans are used instead of a single long arch to better handle temperature changes and reduce structural stress. Hinged arches: Some arches include pins or hinges at the base or crown to allow rotation and reduce bending moments caused by thermal expansion. Material selection: Arch bridges can be constructed from stone, reinforced concrete, steel, or composite materials, depending on span length, load requirements, and environmental conditions.

These classifications help engineers select the appropriate arch type based on span length, load distribution, site conditions, and construction materials, ensuring both structural efficiency and durability.

Classification of Bridge Arch Openings - ALFA PRO COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS (Pty) Ltd [PDF]

Classification of Bridge Arch Openings

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